Deadwood in logged-over Dipterocarp forests of Borneo

Deadwood is an important stock of carbon in logged-over Dipterocarp forests but still remains poorly studied. Here we present the study of deadwood in logged-over Dipterocarp forests using two common approaches: plot-based approach and line-intersect-based approach. We conducted our research in three sites which are forest logged in 2003, 2007, and 2010 within Hutansanggam Labanan Lestari (HLL) forest, a certified forest concessionaire in Indonesia. We established 1,500 m of transect line (broken down in 50 m section) for each site. As a reference, we established 47 10 m x 10 m subplot for three sites. All fallen deadwood with diameter > 10 cm were recorded. Our results shows that the mass of fallen deadwood resulted by line-intersect-based method was much higher in compare to plotbased method. The mass of fallen deadwood in plot-based study (44.563 ± 9.155 Mg/ha) was significantly different with the mass of fallen deadwood in line-intersect-based study (69.587 ± 8.079 Mg/ha). Furthermore, for the variability of deadwood, both methods show consistence results which is the variability in 2003 was lower than that in 2007 and 2010. Based on our data, in order to get coefficient of variation of 10%, we recommend the use of minimum 40 plots of 20 m x 20 m to estimate deadwood in logged-over Dipterocarp forests. (Texte intégral

STATUS TAKSONOMI, DISTRIBUSI DAN KATEGORI STATUS KONSERVASI MAGNOLIACEAE DI INDONESIA

The Family of Magnoliaceae is one of the most primitive taxa in the world. Knowledge of this family is essential for studies on the origin, evolution and systematics of Angiosperms. There are 223 species belongs to this family in the world and 25 of them are found in Indonesia. This paper explains taxonomy, distribution, and conservation status of the family Magnoliaceae in Indonesia

POPULATION SIZE OF TWO ENDANGERED VIREYA RHODODENDRON SPECIES AND THEIR SURROUNDING VEGETATION ON THE TOP OF THE MT. RANTEMARIO, SULAWESI

Five of the 29 species of Rhododendron of Sulawesi are threatened and two of which have endangered category (EN D). Field assessment had been conducted to measure the current population size of the endangered R. eymae and R. nanophyton var. nanophyton. One hundred and fortyplots (of each 5x5 m2) along seven transects were established around the summit of Mt. Rantemario (3,269–3,445 m asl.), South Sulawesi. The results showed that there were 318 individuals of R. eymae and two individuals of R. nanophyton var. nanophyton within the plots. We also found that the estimated population sizes of those two species have not met the criteria previously stated (EN D). The appropriated status for both species is Vulnerable (VU D2). The reasons for proposing this new category are discussed. The dominated shrubs and herbs on the summit area of Mt. Rantemario were Leptospermum javanica (IVI=37.08), Eriocaulon truncatum (IVI=34.83), and Styphelia suaveolens (IVI=24.63). The association of those three plants with the Rhododendron’s were analysed

MODELING OF TREE GROWTH AFTER FOREST FIRE IN MOUNT CIREMAI NATIONAL PARK, INDONESIA

Forest fire is a massive threat towards tropical forest causing various negative impacts to nature and human being.  Forest fire often leads to alteration of forest structure and its functions.  This study of tree growth after forest fire was conducted using a model simulation.  The model was performed at the individual level of plant community and built to analyze the potential of tree growth and its scenario for post-fire recovery.  Five important tree species from montane forest of Mount Ciremai were chosen to build the model based on four main parameters i.e. plant growth rate, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree-to-grass competition and tree-to-tree competition.  The scenario of post-fire recovery was performed by replanting similar species with 5 cm DBH seedling.  Prediction from our model showed that most of the chosen species would recover to its pre-fire condition after 37 - 50 years.  Considering the limitation of competition after re-planting, it was suggested to minimize tree to tree competition and applied silvicultural treatments to maximize tree growth and tree community recovery

ALTITUDINAL GRADIENT AFFECTS ON TREES AND STAND ATTRIBUTES IN MOUNT CIREMAI NATIONAL PARK, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA

Understanding the effect of altitude on trees and stand attributes of tropical forests is crucial for the development of effective management and conservation strategies.  However, study on this issue in Mount Ciremai National Park is still lacking.  A total of 136 plots were set on the eastern slope of Mount Ciremai in Mount Ciremai National Park and investigated in six different altitudes: 500 m a.s.l., 840 m a.s.l., 1,300 m a.s.l., 1,400 m a.s.l., 1,780 m a.s.l., and 2,530 m a.s.l.  The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of altitude to trees and stand attributes i.e. species and family richness, tree density, basal area, and tree biomass. The changes on trees and stand attributes to altitudinal gradient were analyzed using regression analysis.  The result showed that tree species number, family number, tree basal area, and tree biomass significantly declined with increasing altitude, meanwhile tree density significantly increased with increasing altitude.  These findings indicate a distinct effect of altitude on tree and stand attributes in Mount Ciremai National Park

Agarwood in the forest community and its potential depletion in West Papua

Agarwood or eaglewood is a trading name of a solid resin from the two genera Aquilaria and Gyrinops which belongs to the Thymeleacea. The declining population of agarwood in natural forests placed the commodity regulated in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Indonesia as one of the habitats of those two genera and also the main exporting country of agarwood has an interest in ensuring the sustainability of agarwood. This study aims to provide an updated habitat of agarwood-producing trees and to estimate the potential density of the agarwood species. Research conducted in the forest of Natural Tourism Park of Beriat, West Papua, showed that Aquilaria filaria grows well in the forest. Five adult individuals were found in karst forest where 72% were dominated by small trees (DBH <20 cm). In terms of forest communities, Aquilaria's basal area reaches 1.9% of the total basal area and has a low importance value of 0.016 in the first dimension of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The overall potential for agarwood-producing trees was estimated to be only around 2.50 and 2.89 for tree and seedling per hectare, respectively. The potential density is decreased when compared to the estimated density carried out 20 years ago which was estimated at around 4.33 trees per hectare. Efforts to protect agarwood, one of which is by determining trade quotas, need to be carried out optimally in order to minimize the decline in agarwood populations in their natural forests

Modeling of Tree Growth After Forest Fire in Mount Ciremai National Park, Indonesia

Forest fire is a massive threat towards tropical forest causing various negative impacts to nature and human being. Forest fire often leads to alteration of forest structure and its functions. This study of tree growth after forest fire was conducted using a model simulation. The model was performed at the individual level of plant community and built to analyze the potential of tree growth and its scenario for post-fire recovery. Five important tree species from montane forest of Mount Ciremai were chosen to build the model based on four main parameters i.e. plant growth rate, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree-to-grass competition and tree-to-tree competition. The scenario of post-fire recovery was performed by replanting similar species with 5 cm DBH seedling. Prediction from our model showed that most of the chosen species would recover to its pre-fire condition after 37 - 50 years. Considering the limitation of competition after re-planting, it was suggested to minimize tree to tree competition and applied silvicultural treatments to maximize tree growth and tree community recovery

Biomass Estimation of Eaglewood (Aquilaria filaria (Oken) Merr.) in the Karst Ecosystem of West Papua

Eaglewood is Indonesia’s important trade commodity in the form of resins from several infected species of Thymelaeaceae. The basis to determine its international trade quota through CITES is derived from the estimated eaglewood-producing species grown in their habitat. This paper aims to estimate the biomass of eaglewood, Aquilaria filaria, in the karst ecosystem of West Papua. We conducted a plot-based method and calculated the biomass of A. filaria using a diameter-based allometric equation and simulated using a bootstrap procedure. The results showed that 15,500 tons of naturally infected eaglewood are estimated in the karst ecosystem of West Papua

PROFIL DAN KARAKTERISTIK PEMANDUAN PERIODE 2010 – 2016 DI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS

Two main programs of environmental education have been run by Cibodas Botanic Gardens since 1999 i.e. (1) educational tour within the garden and (2) conservation awareness outside the garden. This paper provides general information on visitor's profile participated in educational tour within the garden from 2010-2016. Based on the data, some strategies were discussed to improve the quality of the program.Two main programs of environmental education have been run by Cibodas Botanic Gardens since 1999 i.e. (1) educational tour within the garden and (2) conservation awareness outside the garden. This paper provides general information on visitor's profile participated in educational tour within the garden from 2010-2016. Based on the data, some strategies were discussed to improve the quality of the program